George L. Paul

Partner, Washington, DC

Biography

“The firm combines expertise in merger filings and clearance from the FTC and DOJ, with strong capabilities in antitrust litigation, merger investigations, and defense proceedings. George Paul is the key name in the team, and is highly respected for his expertise in complex merger defense proceedings and litigation before federal agencies.”
The Legal 500 US 2021

Overview

George Paul is a distinguished antitrust lawyer who provides guidance to clients on a broad spectrum of international competition matters, specializing in merger clearances, cartel defense, and litigation.

In the ever-evolving regulatory environment, George has been instrumental in numerous high-profile cases, consistently providing strategic counsel that has been pivotal in obtaining clearance for large, intricate mergers.

His process for solving clients' issues has been publicly praised: "George is … known for his pragmatic approach and sophisticated capability to grasp and maneuver through the regulatory process" (Chambers USA).

George's expertise spans a variety of industries, including:

  • retail, where he represented Albertsons in its merger with Kroger;
  • healthcare, advising Elevance Health, Smith's Medical, and US Renal Care in several transactions; and
  • technology, where he represented Meta in its investment in India's Jio Platforms.

George is recognized by Chambers and is on Legal 500's esteemed list of Leading Lawyers, which highlighted his expertise: "George Paul is an exceptional antitrust legal strategist, skillfully blending his comprehensive understanding of complex antitrust issues with practical and astute advice to represent and advocate for his clients against regulatory bodies and opposing counsel. His 'depth of experience, ability to simplify complex matters, and business-focused and concise approach' have earned him the reputation of being 'an in-house lawyer's dream.'"

His involvement in groundbreaking transactions has been recognized with Deal of the Year awards by several prestigious publications, including the Financial Times, the American Lawyer Legal Awards, The Deal, and M&A Advisor.

Administrative/Trial Litigation, Anticompetitive Practices/Consumer Protection

George regularly represents clients before competition authorities globally and in both federal and state courts within the United States. He has engaged in numerous merger challenges initiated by US agencies and has adeptly defended clients in non-merger inquiries concerning monopolization, platform practices, purported market allocation, and consumer protection matters.

Cartels

George routinely advises both companies and individuals on criminal antitrust issues before enforcement agencies globally, including the US Department of Justice (DOJ), the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the European Union, Australia, Japan, and South Korea. He served as counsel for Stolt-Nielsen in its precedent-setting lawsuit against the DOJ, which had rescinded Stolt's amnesty and indicted both the company and its senior executives. This case marked the first instance of a court upholding an antitrust amnesty agreement.

Bars and Courts
District of Columbia
New York
US District Court for the District of Columbia
US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
US Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
US Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
US Supreme Court
Education
JD
Harvard Law School
BA
Mississippi State University
Languages
English

Experience

Kroger/Albertsons
Representing Albertsons in its US$24.6 billion sale to Kroger.

Elevance Health
Representing leading healthcare provider Elevance Health, Inc. on numerous transactions, including its strategic partnership with Clayton, Dubilier & Rice (CD&R) to accelerate innovation in primary care delivery.

EchoStar Corporation/DISH merger
Represented EchoStar in an all-stock merger combining DISH Network's satellite technology, streaming services and nationwide 5G network with EchoStar's satellite communications solutions.

DraftKings/Golden Nugget Online Gaming
Represented Golden Nugget Online Gaming in its US$1.56 billion sale to DraftKings.

Knighthead-led consortium/Hertz
Guided Hertz through its precedent-setting, immense, cross-border bankruptcy, including spin-offs and its acquisition in an expedited timeline; shortlisted by FT North America Innovative Lawyers Awards 2021 in the Rescue, Restructuring and Recovery category.

Anthem/Cigna Merger Litigation
Represented health insurance provider Anthem in its litigation with fellow insurer Cigna over an unsuccessful merger. The lawyers work on a temporary restraining order to keep the merger in place within 24 hours of Cigna's filing for a termination of the deal and subsequent trial work in Delaware Chancery Court protected Anthem from immediately having to pay a US$1.85 billion reverse termination fee. The work was shortlisted by FT North America Innovative Lawyers Awards 2021 in the Dispute Resolution category.

Sony Music Entertainment/Kobalt Music Group
Represented Kobalt Music Group Ltd., an independent music rights management and publishing company, on its US$430 million sale of certain subsidiaries to Sony Music Entertainment.

Exxon Mobil/Celanese
Represented Exxon Mobil Corp. in its US$1.15 billion sale of its Santoprene TPV elastomers business to industrial chemical company Celanese Corp.

Smiths Group/ICU Medical
Represented Smiths Group plc in its US$2.35 billion sale of its Smiths Medical division to ICU Medical.

United Arab/Hapag-Lloyd
Representation of United Arab Shipping Company Ltd. (UASC) on UASC's merger with Hapag-Lloyd AG for approximately US$12 billion creating the world's fifth biggest liner shipping company.

Publications

FTC Annual Changes to U.S. HSR Thresholds Will Be Effective March 6; Highest Filing Fees Now $2.335 Million (February 2024).

Developments in Competitive Scrutiny and Growing Skepticism over Tech Companies, Digital Markets Guide - Global Competition Review (December 2023).

“The Laws on the Books Continue to Apply” - Federal Trade Commission Convenes Technology Summit Exploring AI Policy (February 2024).

U.S. Antitrust Agencies Finalize Changes to the U.S. Merger Guidelines – Formalizing a Shift Toward a Very Aggressive Merger Enforcement Policy (December 2023).

Impact of Government Shutdown on US Antitrust Merger Enforcement and CFIUS Reviews (September 2023).

Digital Markets: Key Developments in the United States - Global Competition Review

Tech Mergers - Global Competition Review

Application of the Proper ‘Outer Boundary’ of Antitrust Liability for Alleged Refusals to Deal in New York v Facebook - Truth on the Market

FTC Announces Annual Changes to HSR Thresholds (2022) - JDSupra

Shining a light on the massive global surge in merger control filings

The Digital Markets and Competition Enforcement Guide "Key Developments in the United States and Tech Merger," Global Competition Review, December 7, 2021, 1st Ed.

Everybody Needs Prior Approval! – The FTC Revives And Expands an Old Enforcement Tool over a Scathing Dissent

Overview of Global Antitrust and Merger Regimes

Federal Trade Commission’s Pre-Consummation Warning Letters Signal New Risk of Closing After Hart-Scott-Rodino Act Waiting Period Expiration

Sweeping US Order on “Promoting Competition”

New York’s Sweeping New Antitrust Bill—Requiring NY State Premerger Notification ($9.2M Filing Threshold) and Prohibiting “Abuse of Dominance”—Inches Closer to Becoming Law

Merging Companies: Consider Social Factors in US Antitrust Clearance

US Antitrust Spotlight on the Pharmaceutical Industry

No-Poach Agreements on the European Commission Dawn Raid Radar

US Antitrust Policy: Revolution or Evolution?

"Mergers and Economic Development: What Can Developing Countries Expect?" Concurrences: Antitrust and Developing and Emerging Economies

Forced Separation: What Happens When DOJ Dissolves A Consummated Merger? | Washington Legal Foundation (wlf.org)

"Current Developments in Antitrust – A Transatlantic Perspective on a Digitalized Economy," University of North Carolina School of Law/ University of Tübingen Symposium, October 30, 2020.

"A Judge's Eye View on Antitrust: Mergers, Cartels, Remedies...," Concurrences "Where is Antitrust Policy Going" conference, September 24, 2018, Washington, DC (Panelist).

Awards and Recognition

Legal 500 Leading Practitioner

Finalist, FT North America Innovative Lawyers Awards 2021 in Disputes Resolution and Rescue, Restructuring and Recovery categories for work for Anthem and Hertz.