The Netherlands, complementing its existing sector-specific regulations, has introduced a general investment screening mechanism to enhance the protection of its national security across a broader range of sectors.

The Middle East continues to welcome foreign investment, subject to licensing approvals and ownership thresholds for certain business sectors or in certain geographical zones.

Malta's FDI regime regulates transactions that must be notified to the authorities and, in some cases, will be subject to screening.

In 2023, Luxembourg adopted a national screening mechanism for foreign direct investments.

All investments concerning national security are under the scope of review.

The law in Latvia provides for sectoral FDI regimes for specific corporate M&A, real estate dealings and gambling companies.

Italy's Golden Power Law is now more than 10 years old and is continuously expanding its reach.

Ireland is expected to enact its FDI screening legislation in 2024.

FDI screening in Hungary – forever changing regulation, no change in its importance.

Following numerous amendments over the past years, Germany's FDI review continued in full swing in 2023, with further significant updates expected in 2024.

French FDI screening continues to focus on foreign investments involving medical and biotech activities, food security activities or the treatment, storage and transmission of sensitive data. The nuclear ecosystem is subject to very close scrutiny.

FDI deals are generally not blocked in Finland.

Estonia's foreign direct investment screening mechanism entered into force on September 1, 2023.

The scope of the Danish FDI regime is comprehensive and requires a careful assessment of investments and agreements involving Danish companies.

The new Czech Foreign Investments Screening Act took effect in May 2021, establishing the rights and duties of foreign investors and setting screening requirements for Czech targets.

The Belgian FDI screening regime entered into force in July 2023. In its early days, investors and authorities alike are coming to grips with the new regime and the guidelines that help parties navigate it.

The wide scope, low trigger thresholds and extensive interpretation of the Austrian FDI regime require a thorough assessment and proactive planning of the M&A process.

The European Commission continues to be a driver of FDI screening across the EU, with Member States now moving toward coordinated enforcement.

Most deals are approved without mitigation, but the CFIUS landscape has continued evolving based on a combination of expanded jurisdiction, mandatory filings applying in certain cases, enhanced focus on a broad array of national security considerations, increased rates of mitigation, further atte

FDI, whether undertaken directly or indirectly, is generally allowed without restrictions or without the need to obtain prior authorization from an administrative agency.

The Canadian government continues to scrutinize foreign investments by state-owned enterprises and state-linked private investors, especially if from "non-like-minded" countries.

Highlights of our work, insights, achievements, programs and initiatives in a year that brought new challenges

Our report offers a new conceptual model for understanding how legal and regulatory developments around the world are reshaping global interconnectedness.

We are focusing on key themes of change affecting companies and markets.